Executive functioning is a broad concept that describes a set of cognitive abilities related to planning, problem-solving, and decision-making. These skills are important for daily functioning and the ability to live independently. Unfortunately, executive functioning is often impaired in people with dementia, and the disease can worsen over time.
What is Executive Functioning?
Executive functioning is often described as the decision-making process. It includes the ability to plan, organize, and prioritize tasks. It also includes working memory, which is the ability to store information in short-term memory and use it to complete tasks. Other aspects of executive functioning include problem-solving, self-monitoring, inhibition, and flexibility. Executive functioning is important for many aspects of daily life and can affect the ability to live independently.
Impact of Executive Functioning on Dementia
The most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, can have a significant impact on executive functioning. People with Alzheimer’s may have difficulty with planning, organizing, and decision-making. They may also have difficulty with short-term memory tasks and may forget important information quickly. As the disease progresses, these executive functioning skills can get worse, which can lead to more difficulty with daily life activities.
Executive Function Training for Dementia Patients
Fortunately, there are several ways to help people with dementia maintain their executive functioning skills. One of the most effective methods is executive function training, which involves using activities and exercises to help improve executive functioning. This can include cognitive tasks, such as word puzzles and memory games, as well as activities that require problem-solving and decision-making, such as playing board games.
Other Strategies for Helping with Executive Functioning
In addition to executive function training, there are other strategies that can help people with dementia. Increasing physical activity is known to help with executive functioning. It can also be beneficial to keep a consistent routine and structure to daily life. Additionally, social support can be important for providing structure and helping with problem-solving and decision-making. Finally, it is important to ensure that medications are taken as prescribed and that medical appointments are kept.
The Impact of Executive Function Impairment on Quality of Life
Unfortunately, impaired executive functioning can have a significant impact on the quality of life for someone with dementia. It can lead to difficulty with daily tasks, such as shopping, cooking, and managing finances. It can also lead to problems with social engagement, such as remembering names and conversations. In addition, executive functioning problems can lead to confusion and frustration, which can have a negative impact on mental health.
Coping with Executive Function Impairment
It is important to recognize that executive functioning impairment can be a difficult symptom to cope with. It can be helpful to try to find strategies to address specific problems, such as using checklists and reminders for tasks. Additionally, it can be beneficial to seek out social support, such as family and friends, for assistance with problem-solving and decision-making. Finally, cognitive and physical activities can help maintain executive functioning skills.
Conclusion
Executive functioning is an important set of cognitive abilities related to decision-making, problem-solving, and memory. Unfortunately, dementia can have a significant impact on executive functioning. However, there are several ways to help maintain executive functioning skills, such as executive function training, physical activity, and social support. It is important to be aware of the impact of executive functioning impairment on quality of life and to seek out strategies to cope.